What's sneaky, super contagious and bound to cause diarrhea and vomiting? If you answered "norovirus," you'd be correct. But what is it, and why is it so often associated with cruises?

Last year, there were 16 outbreaks on cruise ships, from norovirus, salmonella, E. coli or other unidentified pathogens that cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea or vomiting. That's the largest number of cruise ship outbreaks in 12 years.

Beth Knowles and her family left on a Caribbean cruise in late December, but they missed every port. They got too sick to disembark during a norovirus outbreak on board. Knowles got an email from Cunard Line one day before their Dec.

Cruise passengers live in tight quarters where contact with other passengers can't be avoided. Yes, some people still wear masks on cruise ships, and cleaning protocols have been greatly enhanced, but that has not eradicated illness on cruise ships.

Norovirus, often coined the “cruise ship virus,” causes more than 90% of diarrheal disease outbreaks on cruise ships, according to the CDC. Still, norovirus outbreaks on cruise ships account for only a small percentage of all reported norovirus outbreaks.

In December alone five cruise ships from Cunard, Holland America Line and Princess Cruises, all Carnival-owned brands, reported norovirus outbreaks affecting hundreds of passengers. An outbreak is declared when 3% or more of a ship's passengers and crew come down with gastrointestinal problems.